About Manuk
Manuk is a stratovolcano rising to 257 meters (843 feet) in Indonesia's Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions. No historical eruptions have been recorded, though the volcano is classified based on geological evidence of past activity.
Geography & Climate
Manuk is located in Indonesia, within the Inner Banda Volcanic Arc of the broader Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions. Situated at 5.54° S, 130.30° E in the Southern Hemisphere, the volcano lies within a tropical climate zone. At just 257 meters above sea level, Manuk is a relatively low-elevation volcanic feature. Despite its modest height, it remains an active geological formation with the same underlying magmatic processes as its taller counterparts. The volcanic landform is characterized as a composite, which describes the physical shape and structure of the volcanic edifice as observed from the surface.
Geological Context
Manuk sits in a subduction zone, where one tectonic plate dives beneath another, creating intense heat and pressure that generates magma. Subduction zones are responsible for many of the world's most explosive volcanoes and deadliest eruptions. For communities in Indonesia near Manuk, this tectonic setting means the volcano is capable of producing powerful explosive eruptions, pyroclastic flows, and lahars that can threaten populated areas within tens of kilometers of the summit. The dominant rock type is andesite / basaltic andesite, a dark, fine-grained volcanic rock that forms from rapidly cooling, low-viscosity lava. Basaltic eruptions tend to be less explosive and produce fluid lava flows that can travel long distances. While less immediately dangerous than explosive eruptions, basaltic lava flows can destroy structures and infrastructure in their path, and volcanic gases released during these eruptions can affect air quality over a wide area.
GVP Reference Summary
The small steep-sided island of Manuk is the easternmost volcano in the Banda volcanic arc. The truncated andesitic cone rises 3,000 m from the sea floor. No confirmed observed eruptions are known from this uninhabited island, although there was an uncertain report that a member of the 1874 Challenger Expedition saw "smoke" rising from the crater. Highly altered fumarolic areas are located within the crater and on its western rim, and were once the source of sulfur extraction by Chinese traders.
— Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program
0 Recorded Eruptions
No eruption records available for Manuk.
Real-Time Data
USGS Alert Level
Thermal Anomalies
Frequently Asked Questions About Manuk
Is Manuk an active volcano?+
Manuk is not currently classified as active. Its activity evidence is listed as "Unrest / Holocene." No recorded eruptions have been documented. However, no volcano is ever considered permanently extinct.
How high is Manuk?+
Manuk has a summit elevation of 257 meters (843 feet) above sea level. At 257 meters, it is a relatively low-elevation volcano.
What type of volcano is Manuk?+
Manuk is classified as a Stratovolcano. Stratovolcanoes (also called composite volcanoes) are steep, conical volcanoes built up by many layers of hardened lava, tephra, and volcanic ash. They are among the most common and dangerous types, known for explosive eruptions.
Where is Manuk located?+
Manuk is located in Indonesia, in the Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions. More specifically, it lies within the Inner Banda Volcanic Arc. Its exact coordinates are -5.543° latitude, 130.303° longitude.
Is it safe to visit Manuk?+
Manuk can generally be visited, but as with any volcano, visitors should check local conditions and any advisory notices before traveling. Indonesia may have specific regulations for accessing volcanic areas. Guided tours are often the safest and most informative way to experience a volcano.
